3’, 4’-Dihydroxyflavone enhances all-<i>trans</i> retinoic acid-induced superoxide-generating activity through up-regulating transcription of gp91-phox in human monoblastic U937 cells, as opposed to flavone and other hydroxyflavone derivatives

gp91-phox Gene Expression System in Leukocytes Via Controlling GCN5 Regulates the Superoxide-Generating

The superoxide anion (O 2 2)-generating system is an important mechanism of innate immune response against microbial infection in phagocytes and is involved in signal transduction mediated by various physiological and pathological signals in phagocytes and other cells, including B lymphocytes. The O 2 2-generating system is composed of five specific proteins: p22-phox, gp91-phox, p40-phox, p47-...

Gp91(phox) is the heme binding subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.

The phagocyte NADPH oxidase flavocytochrome b558 is a membrane-bound heterodimer comprised of a glycosylated subunit, gp91(phox), and a nonglycosylated subunit, p22(phox). It contains two nonidentical heme groups that mediate the final steps of electron transfer to molecular oxygen (O2), resulting in the generation of superoxide ion (O2-). However, the location of the hemes within the flavocyto...

Analysis of Promyelocytic Leukemia in Human Embryonic Carcinoma Stem Cells During Retinoic Acid-Induced Neural Differentiation

Background: Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is a tumor suppressor protein that is involved in myeloid cell differentiation in response to retinoic acid (RA). In addition, RA acts as a natural morphogen in neural development. Objectives: This study aimed to examine PML gene expression in different stages of in vitro neural differentiation of NT2 cells, and to investigate the possible role o...

All-trans Retinoic Acid Regulates the Balance of Treg-Th17 Cells through ERK and P38 Signaling Pathway

Raman and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra of 7-hydroxyflavone and 3’,4’-dihydroxyflavone

The FT-Raman and surface-enhanced Raman (SER) spectra of two hydroxyl derivatives of flavone, namely 7-hydroxyflavone, 3’,4’-dihydroxyflavone, have been obtained. The importance of these compounds lies in the fact that they are simple precursors to the most important of the flavonoid dyes, such as quercetin. The SERS spectra were obtained on citrate reduced Ag colloids. Assignments of the exper...